185
Busk, Mrs. M. M.
Manners and customs of the Japanese. 1843.
MANNERS AND CUSTOMS OF THE JAPANESE, IN THE NINETEENTH CENTURY, FROM THE ACCOUNTS OF RECENT DUTCH RESIDENTS IN JAPAN, AND FROM THE GERMAN WORK OF DR. PH. FR. VON SIEBOLD.
NEW-YORK: HARPER & BROTHERS, 82 CLIFF-ST. 1843.
[1], [2], 298 p. 16 cm.
[DS/809/Si](00013889)
目 次
CONTENTS.
CHAPTER I. BAY OF NAGASAKI.
Intercourse of the Dutch with Japan.—Voyage.—Shipwrecked Japanese.—Illegality and Danger of quitting their sinking Vessel.—Approach to Kiusiu.—Appearance of the Country.—Bay of Nagasaki.—Japanese Precautions prior to a Ship's entering the Bay—and on Shore.—Smuggling.—Exclusion of a President's Wife.—Reasons.—Personal Appearance of the Japanese.—Dress.—Ensigns of Rank.—Uses of the Fan.
13
CHAPTER II. LIFE AT DEZIMA.
Artificial Island.—Factory.—Confinement of the Dutch therein.—Restrictions upon their Intercourse with Natives.—With Servants.—Female Servants.—Children by Japanese Women.—Restrictions upon thier Dealings.—Management of the Trade.—Police.—Interpreters.—Intercourse with Men in Office.—Trampling upon the Picture of our Saviour.—Toleration and subsequent Persecution of Christianity.—Japanese Martyrs.—Anecdote of a wrecked Portuguese Brig.—Intercourse of subordinate Dignitaries.—Audiences of the Governor of Nagasaki.—Dutch Sepulchres.
26
CHAPTER III. NAGASAKI AND ITS ENVIRONS.
Excursions permitted.—Conditions on which allowed.—Town of Nagasaki.—Houses.—Gardens.—Fire-proof Store-rooms.—Scenery.—Temples.—Tea-houses.—Visits.—Religious Festivals.—Japanese Demons.—Hunting Procession.—New Volcano.
44
CHAPTER IV. PERIODICAL JOURNEY TO YEDO.
Periods of the Yedo Journeys.—Preliminary Forms.—Numbers of the Party.—Honours paid to the Dutch President.—Array of the Party.—Travelling Arrangements.—Sights upon the Road.—Ikko-seu Temple.—Camphor-tree.—Mineral and Hot Springs.—Prince of Tsikuzen's Apartment.—Coal-mine.—Mode of obtaining a Fair Wind.—Examination at Aray.—River Oyegawa.—Mountain Foesi.—Examination at Fakone.—Anecdote.—Arrival.
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CHAPTER V. STAY AT YEDO.
Yedo.—Palace.—Visiters.—Physicians and Astronomers.—Grandees and Ladies.—Silk-mercer.—Conflagration.—Anecdote respecting new Lodgings.—Audience of the Ziogoon.—Ceremonious Visits.—Presents.—Forms in K
mpfer's time.—Japanese Fancy for Dutch Names.—Banquet.
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CHAPTER VI. RETURN TO DEZIMA.
Taking leave at Yedo.—Miyako.—The Mikado.—His Dignity.—Honours paid him.—His Abdication or Death.—His Wives.—His Reception of, and Visit to the Ziogoon at Miyako.—Learning of the Dairi.—Ohosaka.—Amusements.—Theatre.—Plays.—Actors.—Strange intermingling of different Plays.—Arrival.—Dutch Distress during the interruption of Intercourse with Java.—Japanese Endeavours to relieve it.
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CHAPTER VII. SOCIAL AND DOMESTIC LIFE.
Condition of Women.—Naming of Infants.—Treatment of Children.—Education.—Abdomen ripping.—Evil Eye.—Change of Name.—Marriage.—Courtship.—Marriage-brokers.—Presents.—Wedding.—Abdication of Heads of Families.—Forms of Politeness.—Correspondence.—Presents.—Visits.—Banquets.—Tea-drinking.—Amusements.—Music.—Dancing.—Games.—Forfeits.—Intoxication.—Rural and Water Parties.—Retailers of Gossip, Teachers of Good Manners.—Nayboen or Concealed Death.—Ceremonies in the House of Death.—Obsequies.—Mourning.
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CHAPTER VIII. POLITICAL STATE OF JAPAN.
Government.—Peculiar Character of Japanese Despotism.—Feudal Tenures.—Mikado.—Ziogoon.—Council of State.—Its Constitution and Power.—Governor of the Empire.—Consequence of a Difference of Opinion between the Ziogoon and the Council.—Vassal Princes.—Ministers forced upon them.—Annoyances to which they are subjected.—Modes of Impoverishment.—Lordships.—Imperial Governments.—Official Establishment at Nagasaki.—Municipal Authorities.—System of Espionage—Its Effects.—Classification of the Japanese.—Princes.—Nobles.—Priests.—Military Tenants.—Inferior Officials and Medical Profession.—Superior Traders.—Inferior Traders, Artisans and Artists.—Peasantry.—Degradation of Dealers in Leather.—Administration of Justice.—Executions.—Torture.—Prisons.
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CHAPTER IX. ANECDOTES ILLUSTRATIVE OF THE CHARACTER AND MANNERS OF THE JAPANESE.
The Phaeton, Captain Pellew, enters Nagasaki Bay.—Transactions there.—Japanese Governor's Plans.—Neglect of Duty Discovered.—The Phaeton's Departure.—Disastrous Results.—Siebold's Adventures.—Tchouya's Conspiracy.—Arrests.—His Wife's Presence of Mind.—He and His Friends tortured.—Sibata Zabrobi's Friendship.—Execution.—Yorinobon's Escape by His Secretary's Suicide.—Gratitude of his Posterity.—Ziogoon's Purpose of Illegal Adoption.—Minister's Fruitless Remonstrances.—Midia's Mode of Prevention.—Japanese Lucretia.—Minister Threatened.—His Good-humour.—Test of an Accountant's Qualifications.—Safe Mode of Nicknaming a Monarch.—Ingenuity of a Fisherman.—Its Reward.—Artificial Mermaid.—Curious Mode of Trial.
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CHAPTER X. ATTEMPTS OF FOREIGNERS TO OPEN RELATIONS WITH JAPAN.
Hospitality towards Foreign Ships in the 18th Century.—American Attempts to open Intercourse.—Captain Stewart's Disasters and Schemes.—Baffled.—Shipwrecked Japanese sent from Macao.—Not Suffered to Land.—Russian Attempts.—Count Resanoff's Embassy.—Difficulties about Forms.—About Landing and Residence.—Audience.—Overtures Rejected.—Difficulties about Presents.—Resanoff's Resentment.—Hostile Invasion.—Consequent Degradation of the Prince of Matsmai.—Golownin's Expedition.—His Capture.—Odd Treatment.—Kindness of Japanese after his Evasion.—Release.—English Attempts.—Sir Stamford Raffles' Pacific Mission.—Foiled by Dutch President.—Present Precautions.
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CHAPTER XI. LANGUAGE, LITERATURE, AND SCIENCE OF THE JAPANESE.
The Language Original.—Grammar.—Alphabet.—Variety of Written Characters.—Their several Uses.—Printing.—Books.—Geography.—History.—Moral Philosophy.—Encyclop
dias.—Poetry.—Specimens.—Science.—Medical.—Acupuncture and Moxa-burning.—Astronomy.—Whimsical Measurement and Division of Time.—Cycles.—Year.—Hours of the Day and Night.—Odd System of Numbering them.—Clocks.—Civil Engineering and Mechanics.
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CHAPTER XII. ARTS, MANUFACTURES, TRADE, AND PRODUCTIONS OF JAPAN.
Painting.—Prints.—Casting.—Lacker-work.—Metallurgy.—Sword-blades.—Manufactures.—Trade.—Productions.—Money.—Post.—Ship-building.—Husbandry.—Culture of Tea, and Mode of drying it.—Art of dwarfing Trees, and of producing Vegetables of extraordinary size.
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CHAPTER XIII. RELIGION OF JAPAN.
Sinsyu.—Cosmogony.—Celestial and Terrestrial Gods.—Temples.—No Idols.—Future State.—Precepts.—Impurity.—Purification.—Form of Worship.—Priests.—Pilgrimages.—Orders of the Blind.—Their Romantic Origin.—Sects.—Buddhism.—Its Introduction.—Arts by which Established.—Letter from the Corean Prince.—Tumult by Anti-Buddhists.—Buddhism blended with Sinsyu.—Siutoo.—Consequences of the Aversion to Christianity.—Present State of the three Religions.—Strange Story of a former fourth Religion resembling Christianity.
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CHAPTER XIV. HISTORY OF JAPAN.
Name.—Zin-mu-ten-woo, first Mikado.—Decline of the Mikado's Power.—Civil War.—Yoritomo.—His Success.—He restores the nominal Power of the Mikado.—Yoritomo Ziogoon.—Ziogoonship becomes Hereditary.—Quarrel with Mongols.—War.—Slaughter of Ambassadors.—Peace.—Arrival of the Portuguese.—Success of the Jesuits.—Contentions for the Ziogoonship.—Nobunaga.—Taykosama.—Favourite Japanese Hero.—His Measures of Policy.—Death.—Usurpation of Iyeyas.—Persecution of Christians.—Adoption of the present exclusive System.—Iyeyas, deified as Gongen-sama, the Founder of the reigning Ziogoon Dynasty.
248
CHAPTER XV. INTERCOURSE BETWEEN JAPAN AND CHINA.
Relations between Japan and China.—Chinese Assumption of Sovereignty.—Corean Narrative of a Japanese Embassy to China.—Ambassador's Audience.—Treatment.—Chinese Visit to Japan.—Japanese Literati in China.—Chinese Attempts to Establish Sovereignty over Japan.—Hideyosi's Resentment.—War with China in and for Corea.—Peace.—Commercial and Friendly Intercourse.—Narrative of Japanese Traders.—Their Capture.—Treatment in Tartary.—At Pekin.—In Corea.—Their Remarks.—Return Home.—Formalities.
262
NOTES.
p. [287]-298.
注 記
背表紙に＜THE FAMILLY LIBRARY. N.° 132＞。
略標題紙に
Ward Room Library P. Draytun' との書き込み。
p. 50 に
Ward Room Library' との書き込み。
標題紙裏に＜Entered, according to Act of Congress, in the year 1841, by Harper & Brothers, In the Clerk's Office of the Southern District of New-York＞。
ページ表記：p. [i]-xi, blank, [13]-298.
記載書誌
CORDIER, col. 475. TOYO BUNKO, p. 25. BLUM II, 1617.