379
Humbert, Aim
(1819-1910)
Japan and the Japanese.1874.
JAPAN AND THE JAPANESE, ILLUSTRATED. BY AIM
HUMBERT, LATE ENVOY EXTRAORDINARY AND MINISTER PLENIPOTENTIARY TO THE SWISS CONFEDERATION. TRANSLATED BY MRS. CASHEL HOEY AND EDITED BY H. W. BATES, ASSISTANT SECRETARY TO THE ROYAL GEOGRAPHICAL SOCIETY.
London: RICHARD BENTLEY & SON, Publishers in Ordinary to Her Majesty. 1874.
xviii, [1], 378, [2] p. 32 cm.
[DS/821/Hu](00005176)
目 次
CONTENTS.
BOOK I.—BENTEN.
CHAPTER I. THE INLAND SEA.
EXTENT AND WEALTH OF THE EMPIRE OF JAPAN.—SCENERY AND FEATURES OF THE INLAND SEA.
1
CHAPTER II. OUR NEIGHBOURS.
BENTEN.—THE PEOPLE.—THE TEMPLES.—THE TEA-HOUSES.—OUR LADY VISITORS.
13
CHAPTER III. THE COUNTRY AND THE PEOPLE.
THE POPULATION OF THE BEACH.—HUMBLE HOSPITALITY.—SCENERY.—SPRING-TIDE.—CULTIVATION.—INDUSTRY.—INVENTIVENESS.
24
CHAPTER IV. DOMESTIC LIFE.
JAPANESE HOUSES.—PERSONAL APPEARANCE OF MEN AND WOMEN.—THEIR HOUSEHOLD LIVES, CUSTOMS, FURNITURE.—EDUCATION, LANGUAGE, SCHOOLS.
34
BOOK II.—KIOTO.
CHAPTER I. THE ORIGIN OF THE JAPANESE PEOPLE.
COMPLICATIONS OF THE SUBJECT.—A SUPPOSED TARTAR IMMIGRATION.—PEACEFUL TRIBES.—THE JAPANESE LANGUAGE.—PORTUGUESE ADVENTURERS.—COSMOGONY.
47
CHAPTER II. THE GENESIS OF JAPAN.
THE BEGINNING.—THE PRIMITIVE GODS.—ACTS OF CREATION.—THE SEVEN CELESTIAL GODS.—THE MYTH OF IZANAGI AND IZANAMI.—THE CHILDREN OF THIS PRIMARY COUPLE.—ZINMOU.—THE COMMENCEMENT OF THE HISTORICAL ERA.—KAMI WORSHIP.
55
CHAPTER III. THE EARLY SOVEREIGNS OF JAPAN.
THE CONQUEROR WHO CAME FROM THE SOUTH.—ORIGIN AND CAREER OF ZINMOU.—EARLY HISTORY.—FOUNDATION AND CONSOLIDATION OF THE EMPIRE.—THE RACE OF THE MIKADOS.—ADVANCE OF CIVILIZATION.
65
CHAPTER IV. ART AND FASHION IN KIOTO.
IMMOBILITY OF ART AND LITERATURE IN THE ANCIENT CAPITAL.—CONTRAST BETWEEN CHINA AND JAPAN.—DECREPITUDE OF THE ONE; ETERNAL YOUTH OF THE OTHER.—THE FESTIVAL OF THE DEAD.—BURIAL CEREMONIES.—NATIVE DRAWING.—ARCHITECTURAL WORKS OF THE JAPANESE.—COURT DRESS AND CUSTOMS.—THE EMPRESS AND HER COURT.—DEVELOPMENT OF CIVIL AND MILITARY INSTITUTIONS.—THE INVISIBLE MIKADO.
80
CHAPTER V. THE DECADENCE OF THE MIKADOS.
A CHAPTER IN THE ANCIENT HISTORY OF JAPAN.—ITS DELINEATION BY PICTURES. THE SAPPING OF THE IMPERIAL POWER.—THE BEGINNING OF THE END.
89
BOOK III.—KAMAKOURA.
CHAPTER I. THE RESIDENCES OF THE SIOGOUNS.
THE RUINS.—THE SIOGOUNS.—YORITOMO.—HIS REFORMS.—A STANDING ARMY.—THE COURT OF KIOTO AND THE SECONDARY SOVEREIGN.
103
CHAPTER II. THE TEMPLES OF KAMAKURA.
THE AVENUES.—THE CHAPELS.—THE TORIS.—THE PAGODA.—IDOLS.—BONZES.—THE DA
BOUDHS.
116
CHAPTER III. BUDDHISM IN JAPAN.
INTRODUCTION OF BUDDHISM.—BUDDHIST SYMBOLISM.—THE INFANT BUDDHA.—FESTIVAL OF HIS BIRTH AND BAPTISM.—THE DOCTRINE OF UNIVERSAL AND INEVITABLE SUFFERING.—NIRW
NA.—THE GENERAL INFLUENCE OF BUDDHIST PHILOSOPHY ON JAPANESE LIFE.—THE LITERATURE OF BUDDHISM.—JAPANESE WRITING.
127
CHAPTER IV. TA
KOSAMA AND THE TOKA
DO.
INCREASING ANARCHY FROM FOURTEENTH TO SIXTEENTH CENTURY.—FID
-YOSI.—SPREAD OF THE BUDDHIST RELIGION.—CONFLICTS.—ORDINANCES OF FID
-YOSI.—THE PRINCE OF BOUNGO.—FRANCIS XAVIER.—JAPANESE CHRISTIANS.—PERSECUTION.—MARTYRDOM.—IY
YAS.—THE TOKA
DO.—SINAGAWA.
147
BOOK IV.—YEDDO.
CHAPTER I. THE GREAT CITY.
NATURAL ADVANTAGES OF YEDDO.—THE DISTRICTS.—THE RIVERS.—THE CANALS.—THE CROWD.—GENERAL FEATURES.—MONOTONY.
167
CHAPTER II. THE TA
KOUNS.
MODERN ASPECT OF YEDDO.—THE RESIDENCE OF THE TA
KOUN.—HIS COURT.—CEREMONIAL OF AUDIENCE.—THE POLICY OF IY
YAS.—THE LAWS OF GONGHENSAMA.—THE PREROGATIVES OF THE TA
KOUN.—LAW OF SUCCESSION.—THE LAST TA
KOUN.
197
CHAPTER III. THE POLITICAL SYSTEM OF THE TA
KOUNS.
FAMILY FEUDS.—THE GOSANK
S AND GOSANKIOS.—THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE TA
KOUNAT INTO A DESPOTIC SYSTEM.—POLITICAL ASSASSINATION.—THE SPY SYSTEM.
204
CHAPTER IV. THE HONDJO.
THE COMMERCIAL CITY.—ITS EXTENT AND FEATURES.
215
CHAPTER V. ASAKSA-TERA.
BONZE-HOUSES.—QUANNON.—A DISTRIBUTION OF TALISMANS.—BRAZEN STATUES.—AGGLOMERATION OF BUILDINGS.—FOX WORSHIP.—PORTRAITS OF COURTEZANS.—BUDDHIST WORSHIP.—MODERN CORRUPTION OF THE OLD DOCTRINES AND PRACTICES.
241
CHAPTER VI. EDUCATION AND LITERATURE AT YEDDO.
SEPARATION OF RANKS.—CONFUCIUS AT THE UNIVERSITY.—ECLIPSE OF FAITH.—THE DOCTRINES OF CONFUCIUS.—DIFFICULTIES IN THE STUDY OF CHINESE LITERATURE.—PRIMITIVE WRITING.—THE FORMER LITERARY CENTRE OF JAPAN.—BOOKS.—POEMS.—LEGENDS.—ANCIENT ENCYCLOP
DIAS.—STORY-TELLERS AND SINGERS.—WORSHIP OF OLD TREES.—FANTASTIC STORIES OF ANIMALS.—DEMONS.—GHOSTS.
251
CHAPTER VII. DOMESTIC SOLEMNITIES.
GARDENS.—BATHS.—POPULAR MEDICINE.—THE SHAMPOOERS.—WEDDINGS.—A SOCIAL COMEDY.—A JAPANESE BABY.—DEATH.—BURIAL.—INCINERATION.—Y
DAS.—CHRISTANS.—FURTHER CUSTOMS.
267
CHAPTER VIII. SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS IN YEDDO.
JUGGLERS AND ACROBATS.—TEMPLES.—TEA-HOUSES.—THE LIVERY OF VICE.—SIGNALS.—SOCIAL DEMORALIZATION.—FISH-CURING.—IMITATION OF EDIBLE NESTS.—STREET AMUSEMENTS.—THE LION OF THE COREA.—TRADES.
291
CHAPTER IX. SIN-YOSIWARA.
A MOTHERS SACRIFICE.—DEALING IN VICE.—BUDDHISM AND INFANTICIDE.
310
CHAPTER X. RELIGIOUS FESTIVALS.
ANNUAL PURIFICATION.—THE PROCESSION OF SANNO
.—THE PROCESSION OF COURTEZANS.—THE GOS
KIS.—FESTIVAL OF MATRONS.
319
CHAPTER XI. THE SIBA
A, OR NATIONAL DRAMA OF JAPAN.
HUMAN INTEREST OF THE DRAMA IN JAPAN.—THE SIBA
A.—MALE COMEDIANS.—FEMALE DANCERS.—HARANGUES BY THE ACTORS.—RESTAURANTS.—CONSTRUCTION OF THE THEATRE.—SCENES ON AND OFF THE STAGE.—THE GREEN-ROOM.
333
CHAPTER XII. INAKA.
THE BELOVED SUBURB.—BEAUTIFUL SCENERY.—PLEASURE PARTIES.—CARICATURE.—MIXTURE OF CHILDISH AND HEROIC ART.—GOOD NATURE.—POLITICAL SATIRES.—CHIMERAS.—THE HORRIBLE AND THE FANTASTIC.—ODJI-INARI.—KITSN
.—FOX WORSHIP AND ITS ORGIES.
339
CHAPTER XIII. THE NEW ORDER OF THINGS IN JAPAN.
INTERNAL POLITICS AT THE EPOCH OF THE TREATIES.—WISTOM OF THE LINE TAKEN BY ENGLAND.—STOTSBASHI.—THE ASSEMBLY OF PRINCES.—THE FALL OF THE TA
KOUNAT.—THE MIKADO.—GENERAL INFORMATION POSSESSED BY THE JAPANESE.—PROSPECTS OF COMMERCE.—SANITARY FACTS.—PRODUCTS AND EXPORTS.—IMPORTS.
359
CHAPTER XIV. CONCLUSION.
PATRIOTIC ACT OF THE DAIMIOS.—SWEEPING REFORMS.—THE CALENDAR OF THE CHRISTIAN NATIONS ADOPTED.—THE MIKADO VISIBLE.—RAILWAY OPENED.—REACTIONARY MOVEMENT.—FIDELITY OF THE SAMOURA
.—COMMERCE AND COMMUNICATION INCREASING.
371
注 記
表紙に＜MANNERS and CUSTOMS OF THE JAPANESE＞。
標題紙の挿図に＜A DOMESTIC SCENE.＞。
裏表紙裏に＜BOUND BY BURN & CO＞との書店ラベル。
複本：(00020164)
記載書誌
COEDIER, col. 670. TOYO BUNKO, p. 223. NIPPONALIA I, 2037.