649　Rein, J. J.　(1835-1918)
Japan.　1888.

JAPAN: TRAVELS AND RESEARCHES, Undertaken at the Cost of the Prussian Government. BY J. J. REIN, Professor of Geography in Marburg. TRANSLATED FROM THE GERMAN. WITH TWENTY ILLUSTRATIONS AND TWO MAPS. SECOND EDITION.
NEW YORK: A. C. ARMSTRONG AND SON, 714, BROADWAY. 1888.
x, [1], 543 p., [18] leaves of plates. 25 cm.

[DS/809/Re](00052777)


目　　次
CONTENTS.
THE PHYSIOGRAPHY OF JAPAN.
A Physical Geography of the Country.
I. Introductory.　3
a. Situation, Size, and Divisions of Japan.　3
b. Explanation of Common Geographical Terms.　13
II. Coast Line, Parts of the Sea, Currents.　16
III. Geological Conditions.　27
a. State of our Knowledge, and Structure of the Islands.　27
b. Geological Formations.　31
c. Effects of Subterranean Forces.　40
1. Volcanoes.　40
2. Hot Springs.　47
3. Earthquakes.　51
4. Saecular Movements.　56
IV. Orography.　59
a. General Conformation of the Ground.　59
b. Mountains of the Island Hondo.　61
1. Mountains of Oshiu and Dewa.　63
2. The Border Mountains of Aidzu-Taira.　64
3. The Border Mountains in the East of Echigo.　65
4. The Mountains of Kuwanto.　66
5. Mountains to the west of Kuwanto.　72
c. The Relief or Elevation of the Island of Shikoku.　80
d. Mountains of the Island of Kiushiu.　81
e. The Island of Yezo.　86
f. The Island of Sado.　87
V. Hydrography of the Country.　88
Rivers and Lakes.　88
VI. Climate.　104
a. Its General Character. Temperature.　104
b. Atmospheric Pressure and Winds.　112
c. The Moisture of the Air, or Hydrometeors.　119
VII. The Flora of the Japanese Islands.　135
a. Duration of the Period of Vegetation.　135
b. Formations and Regions of Vegetation.　139
Marsh and Water Plants.　141
The Underwood of the Hill Districts.　143
The Hara.　144
The Forest (Hayashi).　146
Vegetation of the High Mountains.　153
c. Composition and other Noteworthy Features of the Japanese Flora; its Relationship to other Regions of Vegetation.　158
VIII. Fauna.　175
a. General Features.　175
b. Mammals.　177
c. Birds.　182
d. Reptiles and Batrachians.　186
e. Fishes.　189
I. Order. Prickly-finned Fishes (Acanthopterygii).　191
II. Order. Pharyngnonathi.　195
III. Order. Anacanthini; Air-bladder without Pneumatic Duct.　196
IV. Order. Physostomi; Air-bladder in the Pneumatic Duct.　196
V. Order. Lophobranchii.　199
VI. Order. Plectognathi.　199
VII. Order. Ganoidei.　199
VIII. Order. Chondropterygii.　199
IX. Order. Cyclostomi.　200
f. Insects and Spiders.　200
g. Crustacea.　204
h. Mollusca.　205
i. Echinoderms.　209
k. Corals and Sponges.　210
THE JAPANESE PEOPLE.
A Brief Account of their History, Civilization, and Social Condition, from Jimmu-Tenno to the Present Day.
I. History of the Japanese People.　213
First Period. From the Founding of the Kingdom of Yamato until the Removal of the Capital to Kioto, or from Jimmu-Tenno to Kuwammu-Tenno (660 B. C.-794 A. D.). Expedition to Corea. Introduction of Chinese Civilization and Buddhism.　213
Second Period. From the Foundation of the Capital of Kioto until the Death of Yoritomo (794-1199 A. D.) Bureaucratic Rule of the Fujiwara, Military Despotism of the Taira and Minamoto. Kuwambaku, Shogun, and Feudalism.　226
Third Period. From Yoritomo's Death to the Dynasty of the Ashikaga (1199-1334 A. D.)—Age of the Shadow-Shoguns, of the Power and Fall of the Hojo Family.　243
Fourth Period. The Shogunate of the Ashikaga from the Fall of the Hojo until Nobunaga (1334-1573 A. D.). Discovery of Japan by the Portuguese; Spread of Christianity.　254
Fifth Period. From Nobunaga until Iyeyasu; or Age of the Usurpers (1573-1603 A. D.), Nobunaga,Hideyoshi, Expedition to Corea, Battle of Sekigahara.　266
Sixth Period. The Shogunate of the Tokugawa, or the Time from the Battle of Sekigahara until the Restoration of the Mikado's Rule (1600-1868 A. D.).　301
a. Iyeyasu, Hidetada and Iyemitsu. Eradication of Christianity.　301
b. The Laws of Iyeyasu, the Feudal System and the State of Society during the Shogunate of the Tokugawas; Mikado and Kuges, Daimios and Samurai, Fealty and the Harakiri. Heimin and Eta.　312
c. Relations of the Dutch, English, and Russians to Japan during the Shogunate of the Tokugawas.　330
Seventh Period. Japan since the Year 1854.　339
a. The Perry Expedition and its Immediate Consequences. Treaties of Commerce with Japan. Discontent and Growing Agitation in the Country. Murderous Assaults on Natives and Foreigners. Bombardment of Kagoshima and Shimonoseki. Conflict between the Bakufu and Choshiu.　339
b. Abolition of the Shogunate and Restoration of the Mikado Government.—The Civil War in the Year 1868. The Mikado Removes his Residence and Government to Yedo (Tokio). Expedition against Yezo.　355
c. Abolition of the Feudal System. Mediatisation of the Princes and Samurai, and other Innovations. Disturbances among the Samurai. Expedition to Formosa. The Satsuma Rebellion.　361, 362
d. Contemporary Japan: Its Government, Efforts after Civilization, and Relations to Foreigners.　374, 375
II. Ethnography.　383
1. Ainos and Japanese; Origin; Physical Conformation and Mental Endowments.　383
2. The Japanese Language and Literature. Yamato- and Sinico-Japanese. Katakana and Hirakana. Transliteration. Peculiarities of the Language. Popular Poetry and Literature.　396
3. Dress, Habitations, and Food of the Japanese. Baths, Cosmetics, Tattooing. Fires. Stimulants.　407
4. The Family. Adoption. Training and Education. Individual Pleasures. Theatres, Geshas and Yoshiwaras. Funerals.　422
5. Calendar and Popular Festivals. Sexagesimal Cycles and Nen-go. Gosekku, especially New Year, Festivals of Flowers, and Matsuri.　434
6. Religions. Shintoism or Kami-worship. The Doctrines of Confucius. Buddhism. Christianity.　442
III. Topography.　465
I. The Go-kinai, or the Five Home-Provinces.　466
1. Yamashiro, 467; 2. Yamato, 470; 3. Kawachi, 471; 4. Idzumi, 471; 5. Setsu.　471
II. Tokaido, or East Sea Road District.　474
a. The Kuwanto Group.　481
1. Musashi, 481; 2. Shimosa, 482; 3. Hitachi, 483;4. Kadsura, 483; 5. Awa, 484; 6. Sagami.　484
b. The Totomi-nada Group.　486
7. Idzu, 486; 8. Suruga, 486; 9. Kai, 487; 10. Totomi, 487; 11. Sanshiu, 487; 12. Bishiu, 488; 13. Ise, 488; 14. Shima, 488; 15. Iga.　488
III. Tosando, East Mountain Road District.　489
a. Provinces of the Nakasendo.　489
1. Omi, 490; 2. Mino, 490; 3. Hida, 491; 4. Shinano, 491; 5 Kodzuke, 492; 6 Shimotsuke.　493
b. Mutsu or Oshiu.　494
1. Iwashiro, 495; 2. Iwaki, 496; 3. Rikuzen, 496; 4. Rikuchiu, 497; 5. Mutsu.　498
c. Dewa.　498
1. Ugo, 498; 2. Uzen.　499
IV. The Hokurokudo, or North-land Road.　500
1. Wakasa, 501; 2. Echizen, 501; 3. Kaga, 501; 4. Noto, 502; 5. Echiu, 502; 6. Echigo, 502; 7. The Island of Sado.　504
V. Provinces of Sanyodo, or Mountain Sunny-side Road.　504
1. Harima, 504; 2. Mimasaka, 505; 3. Bizen, 505; 4. Bichiu, 505; 5. Bingo, 506; 6. Aki, 506; 7. Suwo, 506; 8. Nagata.　507
VI. Provinces of Sanindo, or Mountain-shade Road.　507
1. Iwami, 508; 2. Idzumo, 508; 3. Hoki, 508; 4. Inaba, 509; 5. Tajima, 509; 6. Tango, 509; 7. Tamba, 510; 8. Island of Oki.　510
VII. Nankaido, or South Sea Road.　511
1. Kii, 511; 2. Island of Awaji, 513; 3. Island of Shikoku-Awa, 513; 4. Samuki, 514; 5. Iyo, 515; 6. Tosa.　515
VIII. Kiushiu, or the Nine Provinces of Saikaido, i. e. the West Sea Road.　516
1. Chikuzen, 517; 2. Chikugo, 518; 3. Buzen, 518; 4. Bungo, 519; 5. Hizen, 520; 6. Higo, 524; 7. Hiuga, 525; 8. Osumi, 526; 9. Satsuma.　526
IX. Hokkaido, or the North Sea Road.　528
1. Oshima, 529; 2. Shiribeshi, 529; 3. Iburi, 529; 4. Ishikari, 529; 5. Teshio, 530; 6. Kitami, 530; 7. Nemuro, 530; 8. Kushiru, 530; 9. Tokachi, 530; 10. Hidaka, 530; 11. Chishima (Kuriles).　530
The Riu-Kiu, or Loo-Choo Islands.　531
Ogasawara-shima, Muninto or Bonin Islands.　532

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